Dubai: The UAE has introduced stricter penalties for domestic violence under a new law aimed at enhancing victim protection. The law, published in the government’s Official Gazette, addresses various forms of abuse, including physical, psychological, sexual, and financial harm.
What is the new Domestic Violence Law?
Under Federal Decree-Law No. 13 of 2024, individuals convicted of domestic violence in the UAE could face imprisonment and/or fines of up to Dh50,000 (USD 13,600). The law also stipulates that those who fail to report incidents of abuse will incur fines ranging from Dh5,000 to Dh10,000 ($1,360 to $2,720).
Filing false reports of domestic violence carries the same penalty. This legislation establishes a comprehensive framework for supporting victims and addressing domestic violence more effectively.
As per the law, the victim may be placed under a protection order, which will be valid for a maximum of 30 days and may be extended for two additional periods of equal duration, the law said.
Under the new UAE domestic violence law, anyone who violates a protection order will face imprisonment and/or a fine ranging from Dh5,000 to Dh10,000 ($1,361 to $2,722). If the violation involves violence or coercion against a protected individual, the penalty increases to a minimum of six months’ imprisonment and/or a fine between Dh10,000 and Dh100,000 ($2,722 to $27,220).
Additionally, individuals who disclose confidential information related to a domestic violence incident obtained through their work or reveal the victim’s identity will face imprisonment and/or a fine of at least Dh20,000 ($5,444).
Those who coerce or threaten a domestic violence victim to withdraw their complaint will also face severe penalties, including imprisonment and/or fines ranging from Dh10,000 to Dh50,000 ($2,722 to $13,610).
Importantly, any reconciliation between parties must proceed only with the victim’s full consent and approval from prosecutors, ensuring that safety remains the top priority.
Protection Order Explained
The new UAE domestic violence law details the legal measures that courts can implement to protect victims of abuse. A court may issue a protection order if it identifies domestic violence during a criminal case.
This order can remain in effect for up to six months during the ongoing case. If necessary, it can be extended for an additional 12 months following the final judgment, based on requests from either the Public Prosecution or the victim.
Key measures included;
Contact Prohibition: The perpetrator is prohibited from any form of contact with the victim.
Proximity Restrictions: The perpetrator cannot approach locations designated for the victim’s protection, including their residence or workplace.
Safe Housing: The victim, with their consent, may be placed in a shelter, with relatives, or in another safe location.
Financial Support: The court can order the perpetrator to provide financial support for the victim, including covering medical expenses incurred due to domestic violence.
Protection of Interests: Measures can be put in place to prevent actions that may harm the victim’s property or personal belongings.
Counseling Requirements: The perpetrator may be mandated to attend social or psychological counseling sessions.
Additional Measures: Authorities may implement any other necessary measures to ensure the victim’s safety and well-being.
These provisions aim to offer comprehensive support to victims, ensuring their safety and aiding their recovery.
Law on Reporting Violence
Victims of domestic violence in the UAE have the right to report any incident. Anyone aware of such an incident—whether a family member, healthcare provider, educator, social worker, psychologist, sports service provider, or any community member—must promptly report it. The identities of individuals reporting domestic violence will remain confidential unless disclosure is necessary for judicial proceedings.
For incidents involving physical or sexual violence, reports must be made directly to the police, who will take the appropriate legal action.
Handling Domestic Violence Reports
Upon receiving a domestic violence report, relevant authorities, including the ministry and social support centers, must record the nature and details of the incident. They are required to implement protective measures for the victim, such as arranging placement in a shelter or with relatives if necessary.
Authorities will collect statements from all parties and witnesses in a confidential and supportive manner, ensuring accurate documentation through written, audio, or visual means. Victims may also be referred to a healthcare facility for a medical report on their condition, with comprehensive incident reports forwarded to the Public Prosecution along with recommendations for legal proceedings or reconciliation.
Comparison of Old and New Law
Severe Punishments: The new law enforce harsher penalties for domestic violence offenders, including fines up to Dh50,000 ($13,600) and imprisonment.
Aggravating Circumstances: Specific vulnerable groups, such as parents, elderly individuals (over 60), pregnant women, children, individuals with disabilities, and incapacitated persons, face stiffer penalties. Repeat offenses within a year are also considered aggravating factors.
Protective Measures: While shelters and protective orders existed in the previous law, the 2024 law provides detailed procedures for issuing protective orders and mandates financial support for victims when necessary.
Rehabilitation Courses: Mandatory rehabilitation courses for offenders are now included in the law.
Special Judicial Circuits: New judicial circuits dedicated to handling domestic violence cases aim to expedite justice in sensitive situations.
Expanded Definitions: The 2024 law clarifies and broadens the definition of domestic violence to include physical, psychological, sexual, and financial abuse.
Electronic Register: The establishment of an electronic register for domestic violence cases promotes better data integration and information sharing among authorities for effective enforcement.
In summary, the 2024 law enhances the legal framework by imposing stricter penalties, providing clearer definitions, and introducing protective and rehabilitative measures to address previous gaps in the law.